2 Soviet Warships Reportedly Bump US Navy Vessels
Video of the Black Sea Bumping Incident, Feb. 12, 1988
National Security Directive 49: Freedom of Navigation Program (October 12, 1990)
Freedom of Navigation and the Black Sea Bumping Incident: How "Innocent" Must Innocent Passage Be?
Freedom of Navigation: New Strategy for the Navy's FON Program (1992)
DoD Annual Freedom of Navigation (FON) Reports
The U.S. Freedom of Navigation Program: Policy, Procedure, and Future, Dennis Mandsager, International Law Studies - Volume 72
U.S. Freedom of Navigation Program, Robert Girrier, Master's Thesis, University of Rhode Island (May 1990)
The US Freedom of Navigation Program Preserving the Law of the Sea, George Galdorisi, Ocean & Coastal Management 25 (1994) 179-188.
Innocent Passage and the 1982 Convention: The Influence of Soviet Law
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics - United States: Joint Statement with Attached Uniform Interpretation of Rules of International Law Governing Innocent Passage
Video of the Black Sea Bumping Incident, Feb. 12, 1988
National Security Directive 49: Freedom of Navigation Program (October 12, 1990)
Freedom of Navigation and the Black Sea Bumping Incident: How "Innocent" Must Innocent Passage Be?
Freedom of Navigation: New Strategy for the Navy's FON Program (1992)
DoD Annual Freedom of Navigation (FON) Reports
The U.S. Freedom of Navigation Program: Policy, Procedure, and Future, Dennis Mandsager, International Law Studies - Volume 72
U.S. Freedom of Navigation Program, Robert Girrier, Master's Thesis, University of Rhode Island (May 1990)
The US Freedom of Navigation Program Preserving the Law of the Sea, George Galdorisi, Ocean & Coastal Management 25 (1994) 179-188.
Innocent Passage and the 1982 Convention: The Influence of Soviet Law
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics - United States: Joint Statement with Attached Uniform Interpretation of Rules of International Law Governing Innocent Passage
